Retinoic acid is derived from vitamin A, which is frequently used to treat acne according to MedlinePlus. The use of retinoic acid also reduces dark skin spots, rough skin areas, wrinkles and scarring. However, these results may come with side effects that are different for everyone.
Flushing
Retinoic acid comes in the form of a cream, gel, solution or liquid, according to Drugs.com, and it is rubbed on the face usually at night before bedtime. Flushing or redness of the face is a common side effect that occurs with its use and may be prominent the next day. Sensitivity to sunlight is another common side effect of retinoic acid. This means a sunburn is more likely to occur when using retinoic acid than when not. A study in the 2010 journal "Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia" led by researcher Medeiros Brito explains that sensitivity to light occurs in 40 percent of cases due to a thinning of the stratum corneum layers of the skin.
Skin Irritation
Skin irritation may occur as a side effect during the first three weeks of taking retinoic acid, according to Drugs.com. Skin irritation may involve dryness, itchiness, scaly skin, peeling, burning, stinging and a warm feeling under the skin. These symptoms should resolve, but if they do not resolve within in 8 to 12 weeks, contact the doctor who prescribed the retinoic acid.
Serious Side Effects
Serious side effects can occur with the use of retinoic acid, though they are rare. Effects similar to that of an allergic reaction such as hives, swelling of the mouth, tongue or lips, skin rash or tightening of the chest may occur. Symptoms of toxicity are possible as a result of long-term use, though also very rare. Toxicity may involve kidneys, bones, central nervous system, eyes, ears, muscles, gastrointestinal tract and thyroid, according to the study mentioned above in the "Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia."
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