Iodine can be found in many foods; iodide does not come from foods but is available in supplement form. Iodine is an essential mineral that occurs naturally in your body. It is important for proper cell metabolism, for maintaining a healthy thyroid and for producing thyroid hormones. Iodide is a form of iodine that is commonly taken as potassium iodide or sodium iodide. Potassium iodide is also known as strong iodine. It can be used to protect the thyroid gland from radiation effects or to treat an overactive thyroid, as well as for other health problems. Sodium iodide, also known as strong iodine, is used to treat or prevent iodine deficiency. These forms of iodine are available as supplements to iodine-rich foods.
Table Salt and Dairy Products
The primary source of iodine in the diet is table salt. According to MedlinePlus, a 1/4-teaspoon serving of iodized table salt contains 95 mcg of iodine. Iodine may also be in dairy products including milk, cheese, and yogurt. MedlinePlus reports the RDA for iodine is 150 mcg per day for people over the age of 14 years.
Plant-Based Sources
Kelp is a vegetable source of seafood and according to MedlinePlus is a good source of iodine. Plants grown in iodine-rich soil are also good sources of iodine. This includes many fruits and vegetables. MedlinePlus says iodine deficiency can occur if the foods you eat are from iodine-poor soils. A deficiency in iodine can lead to health problems such as physical and mental retardation and enlargement of the thyroid cells and thyroid gland.
Seafood
Seafood is a rich source of iodine. According to MedlinePlus, a 6-oz. serving of fish can contain 650 mcg of iodine. Good sources include haddock, perch, sea bass and cod.
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