Toxic megacolon is a life-threatening inflammation of the bowels. The condition is often a complication of other diseases. It is also known as megarectum and toxic dilation of the colon. As with other inflammatory bowel diseases, the best diet to support toxic megacolon is one that helps ease the underlying condition.
Significance
When treating toxic megacolon, the primary goal is to reduce the size of the bowel and to prevent further distension. Throughout this process, it is especially important to avoid trigger foods that may create further inflammation. In addition, some foods may support healing while replacing vital nutrients. However, if your condition does not improve within 24 hours, you may require surgery to remove part of your colon.
Types
There are two diseases that are usually behind the onset of toxic megacolon: Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Although both diseases cause inflammation and ulcers in your intestine, Crohn's disease can be much more problematic. Whereas ulcerative colitis only causes inflammation in one continuous area, Crohn's disease can create swelling in various patches throughout your colon.
Prevention/Solution
Although there is no evidence that your diet can cause toxic megacolon, certain foods can aggravate your symptoms. If you have an inflammatory bowel disease, MayoClinic.com recommends avoiding dairy products, foods high in fat and problem foods that may make you feel bloated or gassy such as beans, cabbage, citrus, spicy foods, caffeine, chocolate and soda. Cigarettes and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also worsen your condition.
Nutrition
Toxic megacolon may create abdominal pain and cramping, making food seem unappetizing and hindering your ability to effectively digest and absorb the nutrients you do consume. To counter these conditions, eat five or six small meals each day, drink plenty of liquids and eat low-fat foods. For best results, talk to your doctor or a registered dietitian to create a custom dietary plan that works for you.
Supplements
Anemia is common in people who suffer from toxic megacolon. As a result, you may benefit from taking an iron supplement or eating foods high in iron. Iron-rich foods include clams, oysters, organ meats, soybeans, pumpkin seeds, white beans, lentils and spinach. Vitamin B-12 may also help prevent anemia, and high-fiber foods can help your body maintain a healthy foundation.
