Spasticity refers to a condition in which the muscles in the body resist being stretched or moved. According to the Rehabilitation Outcomes Research Center, individuals who suffer from spasticity often complain of stiffness or tightness in the muscles or joints, specifically related to the arms and legs. Depending on one of several factors, you may experience muscle stiffness in response to spasticity.
Function
The human body is composed of more than 600 muscles that intertwine with the human skeleton to provide structure, internal organ protection and movement. Via nerves, the brain sends and receives signals from the muscles to produce actions and to interpret environmental stimuli. When these nerves become severed or damaged, the interruption of brain-muscle signals may produce the sensation of stiff muscles.
Symptoms
The Rehabilitation Outcomes Research Center lists several symptoms related to spasticity and muscle stiffness. You may notice occasional cramping, muscle spasms, sudden knee jerks or abnormal positioning of your arms or legs. In fact, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention warns that if you notice your son or daughter's legs crossing rigidly and uncontrollably as scissors would close, then he or she may be displaying early signs of cerebral palsy and should be examined by a doctor.
Causes
MedlinePlus lists several common reasons as to why leg muscles and joints may become stiff. For example, continuous, repetitive motions can wear down nerve fibers and muscle tissue. At the same time, a lack of activity can cause muscles to fatigue and weaken. Even bad posture, stress and general injuries can be to blame for the occasional stiffening of leg muscles and joints.
Warning
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says one in every 303 children may develop cerebral palsy due to the brain's inability to control muscle movements. If you notice your child not being able to control his or her head or exhibiting stiffness in the legs or rigid leg-crossing, you should seek help from a specialist such as a neurologist or developmental pediatrician. Early action can make it easier to cope with your child's condition.
Treatment
Less severe forms of leg muscle and joint stiffness can be treated with relaxation, massage, braces, oral medicines, injections or surgery. The Rehabilitation Outcomes Research Center says stress can exacerbate symptoms, so make sure to reduce stress by taking a warm bath, listening to soft, relaxing music or reclining in a quiet location. Also, remain active with exercise and stretching, which may help to relieve pain and maintain muscle movement. While medicines like Botox and nerve blockers can relax the muscles as well, it may be more favorable to try natural remedies first.
