Potassium is an essential mineral in the human body. When blood levels of this mineral run low, potassium chloride supplements or certain foods high in potassium are taken to build these levels to normal values. Potassium chloride comes in an intravenous solution and pill form. Low potassium levels in the body are referred to as potassium deficiency. Symptoms can be felt physically and mentally. A lab test is the only way to diagnose a potassium deficiency and can be done by your health care provider.
Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Symptoms of potassium deficiency in the body may result in paralysis of the intestines, according to Oregon State University. Potassium is needed to ensure the intestines absorb nutrients and water and move contents through the small and large intestine. Paralysis will cause a back-up in the intestines. You could feel bloated and have abdominal pain. Constipation will occur. The adequate intake of potassium a day is 2,100mg for adults over age 19. If this is not consumed, GI symptoms may occur.
Muscle Weakness
One of the first symptoms experienced with potassium deficiency is muscle weakness. Potassium is needed to conduct electricity in the muscle cells in order to contract, flex and lift objects. Without proper potassium, the muscles will not function properly and will be weak. Eventually, cramping will occur in the arms and legs. It may be uncomfortable to walk and move around. Reflexes will be weak as well because potassium is needed in the nerve cells. Any muscle weakness should be reported to your health care provider.
Cardiac Symptoms
Hypokalemia may cause cardiac symptoms. Normal blood levels of potassium are 3.5 to 5.0 milliequivalents per liter of blood (mEq/L). When levels fall below 3.5, an irregular heartbeat will be the initial symptom. It may feel like a flutter in the chest, but not all people can feel this. If potassium continues to be low or fall even more, the lungs may become paralyzed, according to Penn State College of Medicine. If the lungs cannot supply oxygen to the heart, cardiac arrest will result. This is a total cessation of heart beats. This life-threatening condition needs immediate medical attention.
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