Dry, cracked heels often result due to a simple case of dry skin. However, other underlying factors may be the culprit. Rough skin on your heels is more likely to crack and, in some cases, bleed and become infected. If the skin on your heels cracks open or if the condition persists or causes discomfort, visit a podiatrist for professional diagnosis.
Dry Skin
When your heels develop thick, callused skin, dry skin is a common culprit. Dry winter air and low indoor humidity contributes to a higher incidence of dry skin. Taking frequent hot baths strips lipids and moisture from your skin, as do some soaps and detergents. To relieve severely dry heels, keep your skin hydrated. Opt for moisturizing soap, take cooler baths, run a humidifier indoors and apply a moisturizing lotion in the morning and after you bathe or shower.
Shoewear
Going barefoot can cause your heels to develop thick skin, especially if your skin is already dry. If you wear open-backed shoes or go barefoot often, pressure from standing and walking may cause your heel pad to expand sideways. The pressure on your heels increases your chances of heel cracks. Shoes that provide proper heel support help you distribute your weight more evenly along your foot, taking pressure off the heels.
Body Weight
Individuals who rapidly put on weight or who are overweight or obese are more likely to experience cracked, heels, states Foot and Health Facts, the consumer website of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. Additional weight can stress the heel pad, causing it to expand outward and crack. Keeping your feet moisturized and wearing supportive shoes will minimize cracking associated with weight.
Medical Conditions
Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, thyroid disease and autonomic neuropathy can cause dry, cracked heels, notes the Cleveland Clinic. Diabetes can damage nerve cells in the legs and feet, interfering with your body's ability to sweat. Cracks in your heels can bleed and may take longer to heal when diabetes is the cause. Like diabetic neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy damages nerves, preventing the body from producing the oil and sweat needed to keep skin moist. An underactive thyroid presents another potential cause of dry heels. If dry, cracked heels persist, visit your health care professional to determine the cause.
Skin Conditions
Psoriasis or eczema may be the culprit if your heels become excessively dry. Psoriasis can cause skin on the heels to form thick scales that are susceptible to cracking when you stand or walk around, according to MayoClinic.com. Eczema can cause skin on your heels to itch and crust over. Visit your doctor if you suspect psoriasis or eczema.
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