Diabetes is a metabolic disorder in which not enough insulin is produced or the body responds incorrectly to insulin. Insulin regulates the amount of glucose in the blood, helping move it into cells where it provides energy. In diabetics, blood glucose becomes too high, resulting in excess urination, thirst, lack of energy and constant hunger. Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder in which the digestive tract becomes inflamed, producing abdominal pain, weight loss and diarrhea. Successful management of both diabetes and Crohn's requires eating a nutritious diet that helps control the symptoms of both disorders. Consult your doctor to develop a diet plan that is most appropriate for you.
Fiber
For diabetics, adding lots of soluble fiber to the diet helps slow the rise in blood glucose after a meal. However, fiber may aggravate diarrhea and other symptoms of Crohn's disease. To help prevent this, consume small amounts of fiber-rich foods at frequent intervals. Consider steaming or baking fruits and vegetables rather than using them raw, as this may help prevent abdominal upset. Good choices high in soluble fiber that may be cooked before eating include apples, apricots, berries, plums, potatoes and peas. Avoid foods in the cabbage family such as broccoli and cauliflower, as these may worsen symptoms of Crohn's.
Low-fat Foods
If you are diabetic, lowering the fat content of your diet is as important as controlling your intake of carbohydrate. Digestion of fat is also a frequent problem in Crohn's disease, often worsening diarrhea and other symptoms. Choose low-fat foods over those high in saturated fats, avoiding butter, margarine, fried dishes and sauces containing cream. Eat marbled red meat such as steak and hamburger very sparingly. Instead, choose low-fat dairy products and unsaturated oil such as olive, peanut or canola oil and replace red meat with skinless poultry or fish.
Water and Beverages
Patients with Crohn's disease benefit from drinking lots of liquids because they keep the tissues hydrated and help move foods through the digestive system. If you are diabetic, avoid fruit juices and sweetened sodas, since these contain simple sugars that may cause rapid and large increases in blood glucose. Choose water or vegetable juices whenever possible. Avoid alcohol and beverages with caffeine, because these stimulate the digestive tract and may worsen symptoms of Crohn's disease.
