The respiratory system is one of the most important systems in the body and works in conjunction with the cardiovascular system to keep blood and oxygen pumping throughout your entire body. Exercise is vital for good health and the increase in physical activity has profound effects on your respiratory system.
The Role of Oxygen
When the respiratory system is not being taxed with exercise it works to exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen. When the blood moves through the body, it takes away the carbon dioxide that was created as a metabolic byproduct and replaces it with oxygen, says The Franklin Institute. Once the blood reaches your lungs, the carbon dioxide is exhaled from your body and as you inhale, new oxygen is obtained by your red blood cells and carried through your body.
Anatomical Changes
The respiratory system includes the intercostal and diaphragm muscles, which move slowly to move air in and out of your body. When you exercise, these muscles work overtime to pump the air and are aided by surrounding muscles like the scalenes, trapezius and sternocleidomastoid to take pressure off the lungs by lifting the ribs. These muscles make it easier to take in more air when you exercise. However, when you exhale during this heightened respiratory state, you have to force the air out using your abdominal muscles.
The Breath Rate
Exercising causes the respiratory system to work more quickly. According to MayoClinic.com, even the anticipation of exercise can cause you to breathe faster. As you become more physically active, your body demands more oxygen, which will cause an increase in ventilation. This is in an effort to keep the carbon dioxide level in your body below a certain point.
Increased Breaths Per Minute
The more air moves in and out of your lungs when you exercise. You have to take in more breaths to keep up the increased level of activity. According to The Franklin Institute, a standard breathe involves an inhalation of 0.5 L of air. During exercise, however, the amount of air you can take in per breath is 4 L. Plus, you breathe at a faster rate. Essentially, your body is trying to take in as much oxygen as possible.
