Kayaking and canoeing can be done as a hobby or as a competitive sport, enjoyed in solitude or with the company of family and friends. Before you venture out into the great outdoors, you should know the differences between these two unique vessels, including their history, structure and function. However, regardless of their differences, both kayaking and canoeing offer valuable health benefits.
History
The word "kayak" means "man's boat" or "hunter's boat." The kayak is thought to have its origin with the Eskimos, who relied on it for hunting seal, whale and caribou. The cockpit was typically covered by a spraydeck made of animal skin to create a water-tight seal, protecting the Eskimos from the cold waters. The word "canoe" means "dugout." The canoe is thought to have its origin with the native people of the Americas, who made canoes from trees they hollowed out. They relied on the canoe as their primary means of transportation on waterways.
Structure
For kayaks and canoes, function determines form. Modern kayaks generally come in two styles: sit on top and cockpit. The sit-on-top style has an open feel to it, although this exposes you to the elements. In the cockpit style, the kayak is an enclosed vessel in which you sit inside with legs extended. In a kayak, you use a double-bladed paddle to propel through the water. Kayaks commonly have one occupant, although modern kayaks are available with tandem and triple cockpits. A canoe is an open vessel. You either kneel or sit inside the canoe on an elevated bench. In a canoe, you use a single-bladed paddle to propel through the water. Canoes commonly have two occupants, although you can paddle a canoe by yourself. Both kayaks and canoes are typically pointed at both the bow and the stern.
Function
Kayaks are better suited for rough waters such as whitewater rapids. Kayaks are classified according to their function. There are five classifications: whitewater, surf, touring/expedition, light touring/day tripping and general recreation. Kayaks are generally faster than canoes because they are narrower and lighter. By riding lower in the water, a kayak is not as affected by the wind. If a kayak tips over, it is generally easier than a canoe to right itself. Canoes are better suited for calm waters, such as lakes. They may be more appropriate for longer distances as you are less likely to get wet and have more room to move around. Canoes have easily accessible space to store gear and supplies.
Health Benefits
Both kayaking and canoeing are low-impact, heart-healthy activities that can improve your strength and flexibility. Specifically, kayaking and canoeing can strengthen the muscles in your arms, shoulders, chest and back from paddling. Both activities can strengthen your core, or abdominal muscles, and your legs, as rotating the torso and applying pressure with your legs is what powers a kayak or canoe. Both activities can improve your mental health, whether through relaxation or exhilaration.
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