Vitamin B-12 is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in animal products such as meat, poultry, eggs, shellfish, milk, milk products and fish. Vitamin B-12 is necessary for DNA synthesis, metabolism, red blood cells formation and for the maintenance of healthy functioning central nervous system. There are several forms of vitamin B-12 that are known by alternate names.
Cobalamin
Vitamin B-12 is also referred to as cobalamin because it contains the mineral cobalt. Cobalamin occurs naturally in animal foods. Cobalamin that is man-made is used to treat vitamin B-12 deficiencies. Patients allergic to cobalt should avoid artificial forms of B-12 that contain the mineral.
Cyanocobalamin
Cyanocobalamin is a man-made form of vitamin B-12 and is not naturally present in animal foods. Cyabocobalamin contains a cyanide molecule. Cyanocobalamin is first converted into an active form of vitamin B-12 before absorption by the body. Cyanocobalamin injections are mainly used to treat and prevent B-12 deficiencies caused by pernicious anemia and other diseases or conditions that decrease B-12 levels.
Methylcobalamin
Methylcobalamin is another alternate name for vitamin B-12. Methylcobalamin is an active form of B-12 and does not have to be converted into anything form in order to be used by the body, according to the Office of Dietary Supplements. Methylcobalamin contains a methyl group and is mainly used in treatment of peripheral neuropathy and diabetic neuropathy.
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