Ski poles help you balance on uneven terrain, make negotiating obstacles such as moguls easier and help you establish a rhythm while skiing. Each part of the ski pole works with the others to complete this important piece of skiing equipment. High-tech materials make top-of-the-line ski poles more durable and lighter weight than ever before. Poles for downhill skiing, racing and cross country skiing all have the same basic parts.
Ferrule
The ferrule, or tip, fits at the very end of the shaft, below the basket. The ferrule protect the metal end of the shaft. Some ferrules feature sharp tips, for negotiating more securely in icy conditions, while others are made of hard plastic and have blunt ends.
Basket
The basket keeps the ski pole from sinking in the snow. It helps supports the pole above the snow. Each manufacturer has its own design for ski pole baskets. Some consist of little more than a plastic disc affixed a few inches from the tip of the pole. Others feature radiating spokes, like small wheels attached to the tip of the pole. Larger baskets work best in light powder snow, providing more surface area to keep the pole from sinking in the soft powder, while smaller baskets work well in more compact snow.
Shaft
The shaft makes up the body of the ski pole. Shafts are usually hollow, to keep the pole lightweight. Less expensive poles, such as you'll find at most ski rental shops, are made of aluminum. These have a larger diameter and weight more than lighter, thinner poles made of graphite or other light metals. These more expensive poles have a lighter swing weight, or the feel of the pole as you swing from one turn to another. A lighter weight can make maneuvering in a race or down a mogul field easier. Racing poles may have bent shafts, to accommodate the leaning racing stance of the racer.
Handle
The handle is how you hold on to the ski pole. Some handles have molded plastic grips into which you fit your hand, while others consist of a simple rubber-wrapped section at the end of the pole, and a fabric loop to fit around your wrist. Different diameter handles fit different hands, so you should try holding a few, wearing the gloves or mittens you wear skiing, so see which fits you best.
Specialty Parts
Racing ski poles often include knuckle shields to protect the racer's hands as she hits the racing poles. Some ski poles feature detachable baskets, which allow the poles to be used for hiking during warmer months.
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