Track is a sport that combines various running and jumping events where athletes compete on a measured running track. Outdoor tracks generally measure the same distance, while indoor tracks can vary slightly based on the available space. Each track also contains specific features to organize the runners during the event and to determine the winners. While the first running tracks were made from dirt and grass, track surfaces have evolved into sophisticated synthetic materials that provide a soft surface for efficient running.
Distances
Standard outdoor tracks measure 400 meters in distance around an oval-shaped layout. The two straightaway sections on the track measure approximately 100 meters, and each of the two curves measures approximately 100 meters. The radius of the curves on the outdoor running track measures about 36.5 m. Indoor tracks, however, can range in distance from 160 meters to 200 meters.
Features
Running tracks feature marked running lanes that are each designated to a specific runner. Most outdoor tracks contain eight lanes, numbered accordingly from the inside lane to the outside lane. Each lane may a corresponding starting line with a staggered start depending on the race distance. This staggered start takes the curve of the running track into consideration to ensure every runner runs the same distance by the end of the race. The finish line is painted as a solid line at the end of the home stretch right before the first curve.
Surface
Surfaces on running tracks are made from a synthetic latex rubber material and may contain several additional base layers for cushion, support, durability and draining ability. High-end running tracks start with a latex primer on a graded base followed with a latex binder. The top layer of the running track contains rubber granules that are sealed together by the latex binder. A final latex spray coat is applied to the rubber granules that provides additional durability and UV protection.
Benefits
The specific materials and construction of running tracks allows the running track to maintain an all-weather surface. Running tracks also come with manufacturer warranties ranging from two to five years for labor and materials. For example, if a bump or air pocket occurs within one year, the manufacturer will repair the hole under the warranty.
References
- International Association of Athletics Federations: Specifications For Synthetic Surfaced Athletics Tracks
- Quality Courts: Guide Specifications
- Sport Surfaces: Running Tracks
- Precision Surfaces: Track Systems
- Omnova: Synthetic Latex Rubberized Running Track Guide
- International Association of Athletics Federations: Report of Measurement
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