Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, known as PCOS, is a hormonal imbalance in which a woman produces too many male sex hormones. PCOS is the number one cause of infertility, and may affect your menstrual cycle, leading to ovarian cysts, hirsutism and weight gain. MedLine Plus states that diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol are associated with PCOS, as is obesity and hypothyroidism.
Insulin Resistance
According to Martha McKittrick, R.D., of OBGYN.net, insulin resistance may be linked to PCOS and changes in diet to reduce insulin resistance may be part of a treatment plan. Approxiamtely 60 percent of women with PCOS are obese -- possibly due to high insulin levels promoting fat storage. Losing just 5 percent of your body weight can lower insulin resistance and help regulate menstrual cycles.
PCOS and Carbohydrates
Although a PCOS diet does not need to exclude carbohydrates entirely, the Ohio State University recommends that carbohydrates are eaten with protein and fat to slow the absorption of sugar into the bloodstream. Try to eat carbohydrates that are also high in fiber -- whole grains such as brown rice, legumes and leafy green vegetables are good choices. Leafy greens such as spinach and kale, as well as orange vegetables such as sweet potatoes, yams and carrots contain phyto-nutrients, which may improve insulin resistance.
Glycemic Index
The glycemic index measures carbohydrate-containing foods according to their potential to raise your glucose level. Eating foods low in the glycemic index may help control insulin resistance. MayoClinic.com suggests limiting simple and refined sugars such as cake, candy, soda and excess fruit juice. Don't add too much animal protein with high levels of saturated fat into your diet when limiting simple carbohydrates.
Fat Intake
Choose unsaturated fats and aim for 25 to 30 percent of your calories to come from fat. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fats are recommended by OSU -- eat salmon, tuna, walnuts and flax seeds. The Center for Young Women's Health suggests low-fat dairy products, avocado, eggs, nut butters and olive oil.
Exercise
Exercise may lower your glucose levels. For women with PCOS, daily physical activity and committing to a regular exercise regimen may be an important part of treating or preventing insulin resistance -- helping weight-loss efforts.
