When choosing the right bicycle for your riding needs, there are a few important factors to consider. The measurements of your bicycle frame can either support or inhibit your ability to ride comfortably and safely. Different frames are designed to fit people of different shapes and body types. Although riding a poorly-adjusted bicycle may not seem to be risky, doing so may promote both accident and injury.
Sitting on the Bike
When you are seated on your bike, the pedal position should match your natural stride. This means that that you should be able to fully straighten your leg while your foot is placed on the pedal. This arrangement will enable you to press the maximum amount of force into every rotation and prevent you from "locking" your knees in an unhealthy position.
Body Position
As each knee lifts when returning from a downward stroke, it should raise only to the point of being in a straight line from the joint of your hip. This will allow you to ride most productively without placing undue pressure on the knee. Place your feet on the ground, straddle the frame of your bike and stand with your body positioned in front of the seat. The top of your inner thigh should lie about an inch or two above the center tube.
Bicycle Length
When you ride, your torso should lean forward enough so that the weight of your body is primarily supported by the bottom your feet. If your chest is too high up, you will be putting excess pressure into the handlebars, causing undue strain on your arms and shoulders. This means that your seat should be positioned far enough back that you can ride comfortably while resting your weight on the seat and pedals.
Handlebar Height
The ideal handlebar height of your bike will vary, depending on your goals as a cyclist. For instance, those who ride for speed will prefer lower positioned grips, as they allow the "lean" body position suited for fast riding. Low handlebars will also allow you to keep the bulk of your weight on the pedals so you can press down on the pedals will maximum force. Position your handlebars in the most comfortable position between one and four inches below the seat. You should be able to face forward comfortably, without placing strain on your neck or spine.
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