Diverticulosis is an intestinal disorder characterized by abnormal pouches on the colon. Diverticulosis mostly affects people over 40 years of age and is caused by constipation, according to FamilyDoctor.org. Hard stool increases the pressure in the colon leading to weakened spots, which later develop into small pouches. Diverticulosis is treated using several methods.
High-Fiber Foods and Supplements
A high-fiber diet helps prevent diverticulosis, according to MedlinePlus. Patients with uncomplicated diverticulosis are encouraged to consume high-fiber diets to increase stool excretion. Fiber softens and makes the passage of stool easier. Stool that remains in the colon for too long hardens and causes increased pressure in the colon, which results in the formation of diverticula. Examples of high-fiber foods that can help prevent diverticulosis include raw fruits and vegetables, whole grain cereals, whole grain breads, oatmeal and bran. Patients may also be prescribed a high-fiber supplement containing psyllium to prevent diverticulosis.
Fluids and Exercise
Patients with diverticulosis should increase fluid intake so as to prevent constipation, which is the main cause of diverticulosis, according to FamilyDoctor.org. Patients taking fiber supplements containing psyllium should swallow the supplements with a full glass of water. Psyllium stuck in the esophagus can cause swelling and closing of the throat. Patients should also exercise regularly. Exercise helps prevent constipation.
Antibiotics
Pouches or diverticula in patients with diverticulosis can become infected and inflamed, leading to symptoms such as chills, fever, nausea and vomiting. Patients who experience inflammation of the diverticula are treated using antibiotics. Antibiotics kill the bacteria that cause the infection in the colon. Patients should complete the entire course of medication to avoid creating strains of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics.
