A goniometer is a device that measures the range of motion in a joint. This simple device resembles a mathematical compass, with a flat plastic disc and measurements attached to two plastic legs, one labeled stationary and one labeled for movement, as one or both legs may have measurements, depending on the style. The device comes in different sizes to accommodate different joints, and you can purchase a goniometer from an online retailer or a store that specializes in physical therapy or personal trainer equipment.
Step 1
Place the disc of the goniometer over the fulcrum of the joint. For example, if you are measuring the elbow, hold your arm straight and put the disc on the outside of your arm, at the bend in the elbow, with the stationary leg against your upper arm and the moving leg against your forearm.
Step 2
Bend the joint as far as is comfortable and move the goniometer leg to the final resting place of the limb you just moved. For example, bend your elbow and move the leg of the goniometer so that it lines up with your forearm.
Step 3
Record the measurement from the goniometer. The disc and the moving arm should both have markings. Write down the measurement from where the markings on the movable leg meet the markings on the disc.
Step 4
Repeat the joint motion and measurement two more times, add the numbers together and divide the result by 3 to get an average.
Tips and Warnings
- Keep the rest of your body stable to get the most accurate reading. For example, when testing the knee, stand and use a wall or chair for balance. If you are unable to stand, sit or lie in a position that allows you to bend your knee in its full range of motion.
Things You'll Need
- Goniometer
References
- “Personal Trainer Manual”; American Council on Exercise; 2003
- “Physiology of Sport and Exercise”; Jack Wilmore and David Costill; 1999
