Numbness and tingling is the sensation of not having feeling in a certain part of the body, or having an abnormal sensation in the area. It can be described as "pins and needles" or as a body part "falling asleep." This commonly occurs when a person has been sitting in the same position for a long time or after an injury, but it can also be the symptom of a potentially serious disease or condition.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
The carpal tunnel is a tube in the wrist that contains the nerves and tendons that allow the hands and fingers to move. According to the Mayo Clinic, putting pressure on this tunnel can cause the pain, numbness and weakness in the hand that characterizes carpal tunnel syndrome. This condition may be caused by hormonal changes in the body, as with pregnancy or menopause, or by repetitive movement, as with typing or playing the piano. Treatment options include splints, anti-inflammatory medications, steroids and in some cases, surgery.
Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis, sometimes called MS, is an autoimmune disorder that causes the body to attack its own nerves, causing inflammation and damage. According to the National Institutes of Health, multiple sclerosis can cause numbness in any area of the body as the nerves become damaged. More muscular symptoms are loss of balance, difficulty walking and muscle weakness and tremors. Other bodily symptoms include constipation, vision loss, depression and fatigue. There is no cure for MS, but some treatments can reduce symptoms and improve one's quality of life. These treatments are medications, physical therapy, exercise and a nutritious eating plan.
Diabetes
Diabetes can cause nerve damage, called diabetic neuropathy, which can lead to tingling and numbness symptoms. These feelings often occur in the arms, legs, hands and feet. According to the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse, these symptoms occur in up to 70 percent of diabetics, especially those who do not have their blood glucose level under control. Other symptoms of diabetic neuropathy include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, weakness and trouble urinating. Neuropathies can also affect various organs and systems in the body, including the eyes, heart, lungs and facial muscles. Treatment involves getting blood glucose under control and treating the pain and numbness with pain medication, antidepressants and anticonvulsants.
Other Causes
Numbness and tingling can be caused by abnormal levels of Vitamin B12, sodium, calcium or potassium, according to the National Institutes of Health. Michigan State University states that chemotherapy or radiation may cause similar symptoms. Other possible causes include an underactive thyroid, stroke, migraines and lead poisoning.
