Statins are medications used to reduce the amount of cholesterol in the blood. While cholesterol is necessary for the body to function properly, too much cholesterol can cause arteries to clog. The excess cholesterol can cling to artery walls, which can ultimately block them. Statins are sometimes prescribed for patients with high cholesterol. According to the National Library of Medicine, statins are not recommended for patients who are pregnant or for patients who have liver disease. Statins also have interactions with other medications and can cause muscle problems.
LDL Effects
Statins work to lower the amount of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the bloodstream. LDL cholesterol is the bad cholesterol that accumulates on artery walls. By reducing the amount of LDL cholesterol in the bloodstream, statins reduce the risk of heart disease, which is the leading cause of death in the United States.
HDL Effects
Statins also work to slightly increase the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in the bloodstream. HDL cholesterol can help to remove the LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream by transporting it to the liver, where it is removed.
Triglycerides
Triglycerides, like cholesterol, are a form of lipids, which are fat-like substances. Statins help to reduce the levels of triglycerides in the bloodstream. According to Aetna InteliHealth, the relationship between triglycerides levels that are too high and the risk of heart disease are complex, and it is clear that triglyceride levels that are too high have deleterious health effects.
Reduced Risks
Because statins work to lower LDL cholesterol levels and raise HDL cholesterol levels, there are a number of benefits attributed to lowered risks of health problems. Statins can reduce the risk of developing angina, which is chest pain attributable to clogged arteries, heart attack and sudden cardiac death.
Bone Health
According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, statins may help to improve bone health. Although more studies are needed, there are indications that statins can reduce the risk of bone fractures.
