Also known as touring, cross-country skiing was introduced in North America in the 1850s by Norwegian and Swedish immigrants. This form of skiing is still used today as a form of sport and transportation. Cross-country skiing comes in three types: skating, telemarking and classic. Each type involves using a different form of ski as well as technique.
Skis
Skis help distribute your weight as you glide over the snow. Skis are fitted to your height and weight, and the width and length of the ski is determined by the type of track. Skating skis are typically longer and narrower, while skis intended for off-track use are wider and heavier.
Ski Components
Width and length are determined by the track you'll be taking. Skating skis are shorter and narrower, while classic skis are typically wider and heavier. The tips of skis help the skier cut through snow, and cross-country skis tips are higher and much more curved than traditional skis. Ski bottoms require waxing, but waxless skis are available.
Poles
To fit a ski pole, stand upright in your ski boots. Place the poles upside down with the grips on the floor. Place your thumb underneath the basket, or plastic disc, found at the bottom of the pole. If your arms are at a 90-degree angle, the pole is a right fit. Keep in mind that if you are skiing where the snow has been packed tightly, the basket can be small. If the snow is in powder form, the basket should be larger.
Pole Components
All poles are fitted with a strap for you to wear. These are used to help you if fall so you don't lose your ski poles. The basket is the small round disc found at the bottom of the ski pole and keeps the pole from sinking into the snow. Large discs are used for powder snow, while small discs are used for packed trails. Telescoping poles can also be purchased and are good for use on versatile tracks because the length can be shortened or extended as needed.
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