The trapezius muscle is best described as the flat, triangular muscle that covers the back of the neck, shoulders and thorax. It consists of an upper and lower quadrant that work together to support the scapula, otherwise known as your shoulder blade. However, any strain or stress experienced within this muscle often causes pain to radiate not only in the shoulders but up into the neck as well.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of strain within the trapezius muscle are soreness, pain or discomfort within the shoulders and neck. Strain may also result in difficulties with mobility, leading to what's commonly referred to as a stiff neck. You may begin to notice limited movement of the neck, especially to one side.
Development
Everyday activities are the most common culprits of soreness or pain within the shoulders and neck. For some people, just working at a desk or with a computer can lead to strain of the trapezius muscle and subsequently cause soreness or pain. Others develop this localized pain from sudden or jarring neck movement. Even sleeping, reading or watching television in an awkward position can contribute to this pain.
Diagnosis
Because of the size of this muscle, the location of the soreness and severity of the symptoms can help your doctor determine the exact cause of this pain. It's best to consult with a medical professional before trying to correct the issue on your own.
Treatment
Most of the time, self-care measures can help to improve this soreness or pain. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen and acetaminophen, can reduce inflammation and lessen discomfort, while icing and heating the area further reduces inflammation and eases pain. You may also benefit from periodic stretching and resting the neck and shoulders throughout the day.
If self-care fails to improve your discomfort, medical intervention may be in order. Medical professionals can prescribe stronger pain relievers or administer corticosteroids to reduce the inflammation and reduce pain. Physical therapists can establish a series of exercises to strengthen and stretch the trapezius muscle to better support to neck and shoulders, and they also may recommend postural modifications for work, hobbies, exercise and other activities that may be contributing to the muscle strain.
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