Whether you are a bicyclist or the driver of a motor vehicle, you need to understand your state's laws on bicycle safety. Each state has slightly different laws regarding cycling and sharing the road with cyclists. Always follow your own state's law, and use common sense to avoid potentially serious injury.
Helmet Laws
The laws regarding bicycle helmet use differ from state to state, and in many areas, from county to county and city to city. No federal law covers the use of helmets. Some states have laws that require riders under a certain age, most commonly 16, to wear helmets. These states include Tennessee, Rhode Island, Oregon and Hawaii. Other states, such as Illinois, Missouri and Ohio, leave it up to each county or district to set rules for helmet use. The Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute recommends that every bike rider wear a helmet to prevent serious and potentially fatal brain injury.
Rules of the Road
In many states, including Pennsylvania and California, bicyclists must obey the same rules as motor vehicle drivers. When riding a bike, you must stop at all stop signs and stop lights and ride on the right side of the road. You should also signal your intentions when you plan to stop unexpectedly or turn. To signal that you are stopping, extend your left arm and bend your elbow so your outstretched hand is pointing down. To signal that you are turning left, extend your left arm straight out, pointing to your left. When turning right, extend your left arm and bend your elbow so your hand is pointing up.
Special Considerations
Riding a bike puts you at risk of injuries and accidents that driving a car would not. If you are driving at night, for example, your state might require that you use a front light and reflectors, as Washington does. Follow all posted laws, such as finding a different route if a certain road is temporarily or permanently off-limits to cyclists. Some states prohibit riding on the sidewalk. If you are riding with a child, it's your responsibility that he follows the bicycle safety laws.
Laws for Motor Vehicle Drivers
If you drive a car, following the laws in regard to bicycles on the road can help you avoid a ticket and can also keep you and your local cyclists safe. Pass those on bicycles as you would a slow-moving vehicle, according to the California Driver Handbook. Also, when making a turn, allow the person on the bicycle to go first to avoid overtaking them while turning.
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