Acid reflux occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter, or LES, which separates the esophagus from the stomach, opens spontaneously or does not close properly. This causes the contents of the stomach to rise or reflux back up into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest and throat. Avoiding certain foods can help you not only relieve these symptoms but prevent them from recurring.
Causes
Scientists still don't know why some people develop reflux and other don't. In normal situations, the lower esophageal sphincter keeps acid from rising into the esophagus and throat, but in some people with conditions such as a hiatal hernia or stress, the sphincter does not completely close up, allowing the contents of the stomach move back up causing extreme discomfort.
Complications
Chronic acid reflux can result in serious complications. Chronic inflammation of the lining of the stomach or the esophagus can result in bleeding and ulcers. The scarring that occurs from chronic contact with stomach acids can also thicken the esophagus, making it harder for you to swallow and increasing your risk of choking. In worst-case scenarios, chronic reflux may even result in esophageal or throat cancer.
Foods to Avoid
Avoiding or limiting certain foods can help you relieve and prevent the symptoms of acid reflux. These foods include citrus foods like limes, lemons and oranges, chocolate, caffeine, alcoholic beverages, fatty and fried foods, mint and mint flavorings, spicy foods, marbled or fatty cuts of meats, milk products like sour cream or ice cream and tomato-based foods. It might be a good idea to keep a food journal so you can monitor which foods you tolerate well and which foods cause your reflux so you know which ones to avoid in the future.
Other Guidelines
Try to maintain an adequate weight. If you are obese, aim to lose 1 to 2 pounds of weight each week. By reducing your weight, you remove some of the pressure on your abdomen that might be causing you discomfort. Also, if you smoke, quit. Smoking reduces the elasticity of the lower esophageal sphincter. Avoid tight-fitting clothes, as these too can put extra pressure on your abdomen. And finally, eat smaller meals, eat slowly and try to relax after eating a meal.
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