Testosterone, the male hormone, is produced in the male testicles, in smaller amounts by the female ovaries, and by the adrenal glands in both genders. Testosterone is responsible for masculine characteristics that develop in adolescent males during puberty, such as facial and chest hair, bulky muscles, a deep voice and a strong sex drive. Pharmaceuticals offer synthetic versions of testosterone that differ from the natural hormone in terms of extending the effects. Injectable versions include (cypionate and enanthate), which, in general, are quite similar.
Circulatory
Testosterone can affect blood cholesterol levels which may then affect blood pressure. Other potential circulatory effects that this drug may enhance are clotting disorders, stroke, coronary disease and arteriosclerosis.
Psychological
Mental changes have been reported. Experiences of aggression, anger or rage, restlessness, irritability and sleeping problems may occur. Also, moodiness, depression or anxiety may be present in both men and women.
Sex-Related
Testosterone injections are prescribed for use in men suffering from hypogonadism, a condition in which the body does not produce enough of the hormone. Injectable testosterone also may be used to counter lower testosterone production that occurs as a function of aging. Possible side effects may include persistent erections, reduced testicle size, lowered sperm count, baldness and increased body hair. For some men, testosterone may cause the prostate to enlarge, thus, those with prostate cancer should not take this drug. Men may experience enlarged breasts or tenderness.
Women using testosterone may experience hoarseness or a deepening of the voice, facial hair growth and an enlarged clitoris. Additionally, a decrease in breast size as well as changes in menstrual cycle may occur. Testosterone shots are not appropriate for everyone, and patients should confer with a physician about options. This is especially important in cases of certain preexisting medical conditions; for example, liver, kidney, heart or prostate disease histories, which could lead to complications. Pregnant women should not take testosterone because of its association with birth defects.
