The trapezius is a large muscle located in the posterior aspect of the upper torso. It extends longitudinally from the upper neck down through the thoracic vertebrae. The function of the trapezius is to move the scapula and support the arms. Lack of flexibility in the traps will cause underlying problems in other areas. The areas most effected by trapezius tightness are the arms, shoulders and lower spine.
Poor Postural Alignment
Tight traps prevent your shoulders from being in their proper retracted position. Your shoulders should be situated about even with your ears. Trapezius tightness makes it difficult to retract your shoulder blades. It basically pushes the shoulders and posterior upper spine excessively forward. If this inappropriate body position is repeated enough, it will turn into muscle memory. Your body will always revert back into what is most comfortable, not what is most beneficial. Repetitive poor posture can lead to kyphosis of the spine. Kyphosis refers to a slouching or unnatural forward curvature of the upper spine. This excessive spinal curvature is extremely hard to unlearn.
Upper Spine Pain
Another symptom of trapezius tightness is radiating upper spine pain. When a muscle area is tight, it becomes very constricted. This constriction makes it hard for the upper spine to provide optimal support. Lack of muscle support from the traps could lead to discomfort that radiates or runs down through the length of the thoracic spine.
Lower Spine Fatigue
Tightness keeps the trapezius from fulfilling its role as a major stabilizer in muscle movements. Head turns and pulling motions require high amounts of trapezius stability. Tightness in the traps seriously hinders its ability to move and contract. The lower spine has to pick up the slack during upper body activities. The lumbar or lower spine is mostly designed for basic stabilization, not for heavy muscle recruitment. Overexertion of the spine leads to fatigue and possibly injury.
Lack of Arm and Shoulder Mobility
One of the major functions of the trapezius is arm support. Lack of trap flexibility impedes support to both of your arms. Lack of support in the arms will threaten support to your shoulders as well. Limited support in the arms and shoulders inhibits mobility in both areas. Lateral and overhead arm maneuvers become nearly impossible with tight traps.
References
- "Evaluation of Orthopdic and Athletic Injuries" ; Chad Strakey, Jeffrey L. Ryan ; 2001
- "The Cervical Spine" ; Charles R. Clark ; 2004
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