Alcohol and tobacco are some of the most commonly used mind-altering substances in the world. As such, problems caused by abuse of these drugs can be seen within individuals, families and communities everywhere. Understanding the potential problems caused by smoking and drinking allows families to take steps toward healing damage sooner and preventing further complications.
Relationship Problems
Alcohol is a depressant that impairs cognition and can trigger violent outbursts in some people. According to the Marin Institute, two-thirds of domestic violence cases directly involve the use of alcohol, with female partners of alcohol abusers being 3.6 times more likely to be assaulted than other women.
Not all alcohol-related problems involve physical abuse. The American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy states that substance abuse in relationships can lead to frequent arguments and isolation from family and friends. Because it impairs judgment, alcohol may make people do things they normally wouldn't, such as cheating on a partner or neglecting household responsibilities. Couples in which at least one partner has a drinking problem often require counseling to resolve issues such as codependency, enabling and other maladaptive behaviors.
Financial Problems
Both drinking and smoking can lead to financial difficulties for families. Forbes magazine reports that smokers in most states spend over $300 on cigarettes annually, with some spending as much as $998 each year. In addition, smokers pay more for life and health insurance, doctor visits and other medical expenses stemming from smoking-related illness. These costs take away from family finances that could otherwise be put toward shared expenses such as food, family vacations or education.
Excessive drinking can take a toll on family finances, as well. In addition to the cost of alcoholic drinks, alcohol abusers may incur legal fees due to driving under the influence, public intoxication and other alcohol-related charges. Missed work and job loss are other ways in which alcohol abuse can affect family finances.
Child Abuse and Neglect
Alcohol abuse plays a role in many child abuse and neglect cases. The Marin Institute reports that some 480,000 children are abused or mistreated each year by a caretaker who abuses alcohol. Children of substance abusers can suffer lasting emotional damage that persists into adulthood. According to the American Academy of Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatry, kids raised by alcoholics are more likely to suffer depression and anxiety than their peers.
Health Risks
Smoking and drinking are avoidable risk factors for a number of serious health conditions. While the effects of secondhand smoke are generally well-known, non-smokers may be at risk even when they do not inhale smoke. According to the Mayo Clinic, toxic chemicals in tobacco smoke can remain in clothing, rugs and homes for extended periods, exposing children and others to dangerous thirdhand smoke.
Excessive alcohol use damages many organ systems, including the heart, stomach, liver and brain, according to the Mayo Clinic. Health problems experienced by drinkers can affect families on an emotional, social and financial level, making early intervention vital for preventing complications.
References
- American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Children of Alcoholics
- American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy: Substance Abuse and Intimate Relationships
- Forbes: What You'll Save By Quitting Smoking
- The Marin Institute: Alcohol and Violence
- Mayo Clinic: Thirdhand Smoke Another Danger
- Mayo Clinic: Alcoholism: Complications
