The stomach flu is not actually the flu, which is caused by an influenza virus. The proper name for this condition, which causes inflammation of the stomach and small and large intestines, is viral gastroenteritis.The stomach flu can cause a variety of symptoms, and for the elderly, children and those with chronic illness, it can become serious and even life-threatening. Rest and restricting diet is the main treatment used to control the symptoms. While there are no unsafe foods to eat during with the stomach flu, certain foods can help to calm symptoms.
Identification
Viral gastroenteritis can be caused by many viruses. The most common symptoms are watery diarrhea and vomiting, although headaches, fever and abdominal cramps can also occur. Symptoms tend to begin one to two days after exposure, and they can last for one to 10 days, depending on which virus caused the illness. Most recover at home without needing treatment, states the National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. However, individuals with severe symptoms and those at a higher risk of complications should always seek medical attention.
Water
Since the stomach flu can cause vomiting, diarrhea and sweating, preventing dehydration is the most important part of treatment. According to Medline Plus, when dealing with the stomach flu, adults and older children should consume water and drinks with electrolytes. Younger children can use fluid replacement solutions or freezer pops. Aim to get about 2 to 4 oz. every 30 to 60 minutes. Avoid fruit juices, soda, coffee and alcohol, all of which can make dehydration worse. If a patient has a dry or sticky mouth, is lethargic, has low blood pressure, low or no urine output, dark yellow urine, no tear production or sunken eyes, dehydration has set in and medical attention should be sought.
Bland Foods
While symptoms are present, MayoClinic.com recommends sticking to bland foods that are easy to digest so that the intestines can heal. Common choices include soda crackers, toast, gelatin, bananas, rice and chicken. Since each case is different, certain foods may not be right in all cases. A general rule is to eliminate any foods that make symptoms such as nausea worse. Diary products are harder to digest and usually need to be avoided.
Fruits and Vegetables
If the stomach flu causes excessive vomiting and diarrhea, the body may lack some of the nutrients it needs. As soon as symptoms start to subside, the University of Maryland Medical Center recommends slowly adding healthy food choices. This includes a variety of vegetables, fresh apples, whole-grain cereals and breads, lean meats, plain yogurt and potatoes. Small, frequent meals tend to be better tolerated than larger meals. Until symptoms resolve, avoid sugary foods and sweets, which can make diarrhea worse. When it comes to the stomach flu, the best bet is prevention, which means proper food handling and washing hands thoroughly after using the toilet.
