Over the years, the design of the bicycle helmet has continued to evolve. Due to the invention of new and dangerous genres of cycling, safety standards have been established to which bicycle helmets must conform. According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, the helmet requirements have been designed to prevent serious cycling-related injuries.
Shell
The shell refers to the outer layer of the bicycle helmet. The Consumer Product Safety Commission performs various tests to ensure the shell can prevent head trauma in the event of a full-speed fall. For example, helmets are subjected to a positional stability test to ensure the helmet does not come off when the rider falls. According to the Bicycle Helmet Safety Institute, downhill mountain biking helmets often feature a carbon fiber shell. Bicycle helmets used in more conventional genres of cycling have a thin yet durable plastic shell. While the road helmet features an elongated shell, the BMX helmet offers a standard dome shell.
Pads
The internal pads remain one of the most important components of the bicycle helmet. Most top-of-the-line helmets offer adjustable pads to enable a custom fit. According to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, the internal pads of the bicycle helmet must pass the impact attenuation test. Standard helmet pads have been designed out of EPP or EPS foam. The hardness of the foam varies depending on personal preference. Softer pads provide extra comfort while harder models ensure a snug fit.
Straps
The chin strap remains a standard safety feature on the bicycle helmet. The straps function to keep the helmet in place during high speed turns and maneuvers. The Consumer Product Safety Commission utilizes the retention strength test to guarantee the straps do not loosen during the event of a bicycle crash. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, the safety straps of the bicycle helmet should form a V shape around your ears. The straps should buckle below your chin.
Visibility
The Consumer Product Safety Commission tests each bicycle helmet to ensure it does not hinder your peripheral vision. The visor remains a standard safety feature on the road and mountain biking helmet. The extended visor helps to provide adequate visibility on sunny days. Bicycle helmets feature a ventilation system to prevent the accumulation of perspiration. The vents of the bicycle helmet help to absorb moisture and prevent sweat from making contact with your eyes. The vents on road and mountain bike helmets feature an elongated shape.
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