A nagging cough could signal a respiratory ailment like allergies, asthma or a cold. But you might be surprised to learn that coughing can be a symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease, also known as acid reflux or GERD. Because what and when you eat can affect reflux problems, dietary changes may be part of the solution to the cough and the condition that's causing it.
About Acid Reflux
Reflux occurs when digestive acids flow backward from the stomach into the esophagus. That's not uncommon, but it becomes a potentially serious problem when it occurs more than once or twice a week. The cause of acid reflux is not always clear, but contributing factors may include hiatal hernia, obesity, pregnancy, smoking and eating big meals.
Coughing as a Symptom
Heartburn usually is a key symptom of reflux disease, but you might be bothered by a dry cough, possibly during or after meals. To link your cough with reflux, your doctor may ask whether you also have certain symptoms, such as a sour taste or a sensation of food coming back into your mouth. Untreated reflux disease may lead to a chronic cough -- or to other conditions including asthma, pulmonary fibrosis or esophageal cancer.
Diet Changes May Help
Your doctor may prescribe medication to alleviate your cough and other reflux symptoms, but avoiding certain foods and drinks may help as well. Some that seem to worsen reflux symptoms include citrus fruits and juices, fatty and fried foods, garlic, onions, spicy dishes, peppermint, tomatoes and tomato sauce, soda, alcohol and drinks with caffeine.
When You Eat Matters
Eating smaller meals may help to ease your reflux symptoms -- and may help you lose weight if obesity is a factor. Also consider the timing of your meals. Since reflux may occur when you lie down shortly after eating, don't have any meals or snacks within two to four hours of bedtime. Surgery may be advised for reflux disease when medication and lifestyle changes don't relieve symptoms.
References
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute: How Is the Cause of Cough Diagnosed?
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse: Heartburn, Gastroesophageal Reflux
- American College of Gastroenterology: Heartburn Or Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
- American Gastroenterological Association: Understanding Heartburn & Reflux Disease
