Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is needed by the body for DNA synthesis, red blood cells production and maintenance of healthy nerve cells. Elderly women are at risk of B12 deficiency due to age-related changes in the stomach that affect the absorption of B12 from food. The Office of Dietary Supplements recommends elderly women take B12 supplements. However, some elderly women may experience adverse effects after taking B12.
Hypersensitivity
Older women allergic to B12 ingredients, such as cobalt and cobalamin, may experience severe allergic reactions after taking B12 supplements. Symptoms of allergic reactions to B12 include itching, hives, skin rash, swelling of the face, lips, eyelids and tongue, chest tightness, problems breathing and wheezing. Patients who experience these symptoms should seek immediate medical attention so as to avoid respiratory distress.
Blood Clots and Heart Failure
Vitamin B12 usage in elderly women also may cause blood clots and heart failure. Patients with prior histories of cardiovascular diseases should consult the doctor before taking over-the-counter B12 supplements. B12 may cause blood clots to develop in the lower extremities. Blood clots can block blood flow to the heart and brain leading to heart attack and stroke. Elderly women with heart failure caused by B12 may experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, sudden weight gain, problems sleeping and fatigue.
Polycythemia Vera
Vitamin B12 is important for the production of healthy red blood cells. However, B12 supplements may cause polycythemia vera, which is the production of too many red blood cells by the bone marrow leading to blood thickness. Symptoms of polycythemia vera include fatigue, problems breathing while lying down, dizziness, red coloring on the body, shortness of breath and itching.
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