According to the book "Rheumatoid Arthritis," the types of exercise appropriate for rheumatoid arthritis sufferers are similar to those for healthy individuals, and include range of motion, strengthening and aerobic exercises, as well as regular recreational physical activity. However, as a rheumatoid arthritis sufferer, begin slowly and maintain a low to moderate intensity. Exercise and physical activity may help to manage and improve rheumatoid arthritis symptoms such as fatigue, joint stiffness and pain.
Range of Motion
Range-of-motion exercise includes static and dynamic stretching, and yoga. Many range-of-motion exercises may be performed seated or standing as well as in a warm water pool. Consistent range-of-motion exercise decreases joint stiffness and may improve the overall functionality of the affected joints. Furthermore, improved range-of-motion and joint function may decrease joint pain and the risk of falling.
Strengthening
strengthening exercises use resistance in the form of therapeutic bands, medicine balls, dumbbells or resistance machines. Strengthening the muscles around affected joints improves joint stability and your ability to perform daily tasks more efficiently. Your energy levels may also improve with strengthening exercises.
Aerobic
Aerobic or cardiovascular exercise includes walking, cycling, dancing and swimming. These exercises may improve muscular endurance and therefore increase your energy levels. The movements of these exercises may also decrease joint stiffness and pain, and may eventually lead to improved gait and coordination.
Furthermore, secondary problems or symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis may also be improved or managed with aerobic exercises. According to a 2008 article in the journal "Rheumatology," rheumatoid arthritis sufferers may be at a higher risk for cardiovascular disease, so consistent aerobic exercise may help you manage your weight and improve your heart and lung function to decrease your risk of cardiovascular disease.
Recreational Physical Activity
According to the Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center, physical activity is important to a healthy lifestyle and managing your rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. Recreational physical activities may include hiking, yard work, gardening and vacuuming. Although these activities alone may not improve your symptoms, they may help increase your overall physical and mental health, and this may make your symptoms more manageable.
Considerations
Always consult your physician and adhere to her guidelines. Perform exercises and physical activities on a regular or weekly basis in order to achieve the most benefits. Seek medical advice if your pain or other symptoms prevent you from performing your normal exercises and activities.
References
- "Rheumatoid Arthritis"; E. William St. Clair, David S. Pisetsky, Barton F. Haynes; 2004
- Mayo Clinic: Rheumatoid Arthritis Symptoms
- "Rheumatology:" Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cardiovascular Disease and Physical Exercise: a Systematic Review
- Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center: Role of Exercise in The Management of Arthritis
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
