The world of bicycles is a complicated one, from mountain bikes to road bikes and cruisers. As of 2011, one of the more popular trends in bicycling styles is to that of single speed track bikes, with fixed gear rear wheels. This purist form of cycling is popular among bicycle messengers and city riders.
Track Racing
Single speed track wheels were originally intended for track racing on a circular course, commonly referred to as a velodrome. Track racing cyclists did not need extra gears because they did not encounter inclines or declines. Each cyclist chose a different gear ratio that matched his own strength. Some cyclists chose a ratio that higher and harder to pedal, but allowed for faster speeds while other cyclists opted for lower gears, faster pedaling and quicker acceleration.
Basics
A bike with a single speed track wheel only has one gear. The rear wheel hub is fixed which means that as long as the rear wheel is turning, the pedals are turning. Most bicycles have a freewheel rear hub which allows coasting. Also, because it is a single speed, there are no derailleurs, shifters, or extra gears. A bike with a single speed track wheel is slowed by traditional brakes or resistance on the pedals, slowing the wheel down manually with your legs.
Benefits
Bicycles with track wheels have several benefits. They cut down on weight from the reduction of several gears, shifters, derailleurs and gear levers. They are more reliable and easier to maintain because the system is far simpler. Track bikes are often preferred by bike messengers who need bikes that can take a lot of abuse and continue to perform well. Many cyclists also prefer the single speed track wheel for its purity, it is a far more traditional bicycling method.
Considerations
Bikes with single speed track wheels are sold by most bike stores. However, many cyclists prefer to simply alter an old road bike. By replacing the normal rear freewheel with a fixed hub, you can create a single speed track bike. Remove all unnecessary gear components choose a fixed gear ratio that works for you. Single speed track bikes are not for everyone, they are harder to ride and require more technical skill on a bicycle.
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