Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a technique used to assist someone who is not breathing and does not have a pulse. CPR training is available to anyone and is traditionally taught through American Heart Association or American Red Cross programs. CPR training requirements differ for certain groups, like health care workers, and can also vary by state. However, certain components and requirements for CPR training remain the same for everyone.
Certification
Certification in CPR is not required to learn how to perform it. Some training programs offer simple instruction for those who want to learn how to perform CPR in the event of an emergency but do not need to be certified, such as those caring for an ill family member. Some groups, such as health care workers, are required to be certified in CPR and must meet additional training requirements.
Techniques
CPR training encompasses a series of steps from first identifying whether a victim needs CPR to actually performing the technique. Participants learn how to assess the airway, breathing and circulation of a victim and determine if CPR is needed. CPR also includes the combination of skills--chest compressions and rescue breathing--intended to help the circulation and oxygenation of a person who doesn't have a pulse and is not breathing. Chest compressions are performed by exerting direct pressure in a downward motion on the victim's chest, while rescue breathing allows the person performing CPR to deliver oxygen directly to the victim by mouth-to-mouth. Chest compressions and rescue breathing are delivered in a ratio of 30 compressions to two breaths for adults, children and infants. Learning and demonstrating the CPR sequence effectively is required to pass a training program.
Written Test
At the completion of the CPR training class, participants are required to take, and pass, a written, multiple-choice test to gauge competency. The test offers questions based on course material and challenges how well participants have learned about CPR. Some classes that offer CPR instruction and not certification may not require a written test to complete the course, however.
Practical Test
Learning to administer effective CPR takes practice. Participants have the opportunity to practice CPR skills during class instruction to gain confidence and good technique. A practical test is given at the end of most CPR classes, so participants can demonstrate their mastered ability to perform CPR and complete the steps properly. All CPR certification classes require passing a practical exam, though noncertification classes may not.
