The Mayo Clinic defines hemorrhoids as swollen and inflamed veins inside the anus and lower rectum. They can result front straining during bowel movements, pressure on the veins or frequent diarrhea. Hemorrhoids are more painful when they are swollen. They may seem to disappear when the inflammation subsides but may return the next time pressure is placed on the veins of the rectum and anus. Medical treatment is only necessary when relief cannot be attained through diet changes and home remedies.
Pain Relief
Hemorrhoids bring about pain that can be mild to severe. Home remedies to relieve pain can be internal or topical. Over-the-counter, or OTC, pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be taken orally to minimize discomfort. OTC topical treatments may include hydrocortisone cream or suppository and pads containing a numbing agent. Other choices may include witch hazel and icepacks. Simple aloe vera gel or petroleum jelly may be applied at the affected site to reduce itching and burning.
Reduce Swelling
Reducing the swelling of the anal area can be done by taking OTC anti-inflammatory medications. Soaking in a 2-to-3 inch bath of warm water can soothe and cleanse the area if it is repeated frequently. It is beneficial to add to the bathwater such solvents as Epsom salts, baking soda, chamomile or oatmeal. Pregnant women may need to rest with their feet elevated more often to keep the pressure of the baby off the rectum, pushing blood into the veins and increasing swelling.
In the event that a hemorrhoid turns black, medical attention may be necessary. This occurs when a blood clot forms at the site of the hemorrhoid or swollen vein. This type of hemorrhoid can be extremely painful and may require a small incision to relieve the pressure. Although this situation sounds severe, it is not life-threatening. Prescription pain relievers or anti-inflammatory medications may be prescribed.
Self-Care
It is important to keep the area clean and dry to prevent infection or further irritation. Sitting on a pillow or a circular shaped pillow with a hollow center can reduce the pressure placed on a protruding hemorrhoid. Lifting heavy objects or straining are not recommended. Individuals may find that a stool softener may reduce the difficulty they experience during a bowel movement. If the hemorrhoid is due to poor diet, an individual may find relief by increasing fluid and fiber intake. Both items will help regulate the digestive system and soften the stools.
