Altitude breathing training is the process of acclimatizing an individual's respiratory system to the barometric pressure of high-altitude locations. According to the website of the American Academy of Family Physicians, the body has difficulty receiving oxygen from air found at altitudes of 8,000 feet or higher, resulting in possible pulmonary edema or mountain sickness if proper breathing techniques are not practiced. Whether you are an endurance athlete or a military professional, adapting to the rigors of high-altitude breathing is essential for ensuring your safety and performance.
Breathing at High Altitudes
Contrary to popular belief, the amount of oxygen found in areas of high altitude is the same as air located at sea level. A report cited by Palomar University links breathing difficulties at high altitudes with the increased barometric pressure, resulting in a sensation of taking "sips" of air while breathing. The lack of oxygen experienced at high-altitude locations causes the carotid sensors to increase the breathing rate in an effect resembling hyperventilation to supply ample oxygen to the body.
Altitude Respiratory Training
According to the NATO Research and Technology Organisation, high-altitude aviation training is used to instruct individuals in correct pressure breathing techniques in the case of a malfunction in the aircraft's oxygen system. While the US military uses hypobaric chambers that simulate rapid decompression to facilitate training, athletes often undergo a more basic high-altitude training routine. Runners, football players and track and field athletes are known to occasionally travel to high-elevation areas to train, potentially boost their performance during competition at lower altitudes.
High Altitude Breathing Technique
Due to the body's ability to adapt to high-altitude environments, some breathing techniques become more effective over the course of four to 10 days. The most basic altitude breathing training technique is periodic diaphragmatic breathing technique that involves completely filling the lungs when you breathe so that your belly moves and expands. Inhale for six to 10 seconds before exhaling for an equal amount of time.
Pressure Breathing Technique
According to the Body Results web resource, pressure breathing is a common high-altitude respiratory training method that involves pursing the lips while exhaling forcefully. Practice this training technique by inhaling using the diaphragmatic breathing method and tightening your lips to a small oval shape while exhaling. Exhale forcefully and quick so that the carbon dioxide in your lungs is ejected through your mouth, allowing for a higher level of oxygen to enter your lungs when you inhale.
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