The golf swing is comprised of many different movements and complex angles that you must master in order to hit an accurate golf shot. Perfecting the mechanics and timing of a golf swing can take years of practice and repetition. For example, knowing where your elbows should be at the moment of impact between the club and the golf ball helps promote accuracy and consistency in your game.
Swing Basics
Your arms and elbows should not move a great deal during a normal golf swing. In fact, prior to impact your elbows will only move approximately 1 foot from your starting address position to the top of your backswing. Your golf shot's power is not generated from moving your elbows or arms; it is generated by turning your shoulders. This limited amount of movement allows you to repeat the proper elbow motion each time you swing the club.
Impact
At the moment of impact with the golf ball, both elbows should be in a position that is very similar to what you felt at the moment of address. In other words, you should focus on bringing your elbows and arms back and through the shot in one fluid motion. Although your arms will be slightly ahead of the ball at impact, your leading elbow will be completely straight while your trailing elbow is only slightly bent; very similar to what you feel when first standing over the ball at address.
Test
To get a feel for the proper elbow position throughout your swing and leading to impact, stand without holding a club as if you were about to hit a golf shot. Bend your knees and hips accordingly. Next, hold your trailing arm directly out in front of your body, fully extended. Bend your elbow to 90 degrees and hold your palm facing the ceiling or sky. Rotate your shoulder of this arm towards your back to mimic the position of your full backswing. This is the proper position your elbow should be just before unloading toward the ball.
Considerations
Depending on the type of shot you are hitting, your elbow position remains the same regardless of the club you're using. For example, your elbows will be in a very similar position at impact when chipping the ball, putting the ball, or pitching the ball. Your right elbow should never be tucked in toward your stomach at impact as this may result in pushing the ball off target. This suggestion is true for any golf shot you are attempting.
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