Fibromyalgia is a challenging condition to both diagnose and treat. Every case is different, and for some the symptoms are mild while for others they are disabling. Managing the symptoms involves a multidisciplinary approach, which may include self-help lifestyle changes and medication. Given the complexity of this disease, working with a team of health care providers is important when formulating a diet and exercise program.
Identification
Fibromyalgia is not a disease but rather a syndrome identified by a variety of signs, symptoms and medical problems that tend to occur together but are not related to a specific identifiable cause, reports the National Fibromyalgia Association. Symptoms include chronic widespread pain, multiple tender points, sleep disturbances and fatigue. While the exact cause is not known, it appears that the nervous system does not process pain signals correctly. Since there is no cure for fibromyalgia, treatment is aimed at controlling symptoms, including making dietary changes and getting regular exercise.
Diet
There are no general dietary recommendations to control fibromyalgia symptoms. However, according to the National Fibromyalgia Research Association, some patients experience relief when limiting intake of refined sugar, caffeine, alcohol, fried foods, red meat and highly processed foods. In some patients these foods act as triggers and in other patients they have no effect. Try eliminating these foods for a one-month period to see if symptoms improve. During this time drink plenty of water and focus on eating raw or lightly cooked fruits and vegetables and lean meat and fish. Then slowly add the potential trigger foods back in one at a time in moderate amounts to see if symptoms return. This process will help to determine which foods are OK and what amounts can be eaten, while still controlling symptoms.
Exercise
Living with chronic pain can lead to moving less which in turn can cause muscle weakness, which then leads to more pain, creating a downward spiral. While those with fibromyalgia need to be careful when exercising, the right program can help to reduce symptoms and improve muscular strength, states the American Council on Exercise. The right exercises will improve posture and flexibility, both of which can reduce strain on the body. Exercise has also been shown to help manage the depression that is common with this disease. Since each person is different, it often takes a period of trial and error to find the right program and intensity level.
Considerations
If new to exercise, the best bet is to start with gentle range of motion exercises and the key is to move slowly and with control. When ready, a strength-training program performed two to three days a week that focuses on light weights and uses full range of motion should be incorporated. Aerobic-type exercises such as walking, biking and dancing are also helpful. If dealing with a significant amount of pain, try working out in a warm pool to help take pressure off the joints. The American Academy of Family Physicians suggests doing some form of exercise every day on a consistent basis, which for some can completely alleviate the pain. Remember that every day with fibromyalgia is different, so each day it is important to work within personal limits for that day.
