Minor muscle aches occur after a workout because stressing your muscles causes tiny tears in the muscle fiber and connective tissue. Muscle growth and strength gains occur during the process of repairing these tears, so they are not a bad thing -- but they can be uncomfortable. Expect some soreness after a good workout, but understand the difference between regular soreness and a potential injury.
Don't Avoid Exercise
It can be tempting to skip your workout if you're still sore from the previous day's session, but inactivity can worsen the situation. Instead, try a gentler form of exercise or focus on a different muscle group. This way, you'll still increase blood flow to the aching muscle without stressing it. The blood flow stimulates a higher rate of repair, and the pain should fade away.
Prevention
Prevention is the best medicine, so start every exercise session with a thorough warm-up followed by a stretch period, and end every session with a cool down and stretch period. Stay hydrated during your workout. Drink water before, during and after the session to ensure your body has the fluid it needs, especially in hot weather. Know your limits, and only push them gently. You will never progress unless you challenge yourself, but jumping right into an activity for which your body is not equipped is a recipe for post-workout regret.
Home Treatment
Mild aches normally fade after a day or two, but you can apply ice to particularly bad areas for the first 72 hours to ease the pain. MedlinePlus says ibuprofen can help, and regular application of topical muscle creams can provide temporary relief. Stretching and massaging the muscle can also help loosen it, especially if you're having cramps.
When to See a Doctor
If your pain is localized to a specific area, lasts longer than three days, worsens or includes swelling, seek medical attention. You may be experiencing a specific injury rather than typical soreness, and letting it go untreated may make it worse.
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