Gout is a type of arthritis associated with a build-up of uric acid in your body. Normally uric acid exits your body in the form of urine, but in some cases, high levels remain forming painful crystals in your joints. Gout can occur in both men and women, although it is most common in men with a family history of gout who are older than the age of 40. Causes of gout may include diet, surgery, infection, physical or emotional stress, alcohol consumption or the use of certain medications, such as thiazide diuretics. The good news is that gout is treatable. Ask your doctor about medications and vitamins that are appropriate for you.
Vitamins
Vitamin C is associated with lower risks of gout. Although not specifically studied as a gout treatment, it may lower uric acid levels. Large doses of vitamin C may have the opposite effect however and increase uric acid so be sure to consult your doctor about proper dosage. Daily multivitamins may also be helpful in addressing any nutritional deficiencies caused by gout. Choose a multivitamin that contains vitamins A, C, D and B-complex along with trace minerals such as magnesium, calcium, zinc and selenium.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatories
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, also called NSAIDs, are medications that can help the inflammation and pain caused by gout. Over-the-counter options include ibuprofen and naproxen. Prescription NSAIDs, such as indomethacin, can be more potent and are available from your doctor. All NSAIDs can increase your risk for ulcers, stomach pain and bleeding.
Colchicine
Colchicine is a pain reliever most often prescribed if you cannot tolerate NSAIDs. This medication can produce unpleasant side effects such as diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, which can make the use of this drug intolerable. Long-term use of this medication in lower doses may reduce recurrent attacks.
Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids such as prednisone are available in pill form or by injection in the inflamed joint. They are useful short-term and in low doses to people that cannot tolerate other types of pain medication. Side effects are the decreased ability to fight infections, poor wound healing and decreased bone density.
Probenecid
Probenecid increases the ability of your kidneys to flush uric acid out of your body, which may prevent future attacks of gout. Side effects of probenecid include kidney stones, rash and stomach pain.
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors, such as allopurinol and febuxostat, block the production of uric acid. Allopurinol may cause a rash or decreased blood counts and side effects of febuxostat include reduced liver function, rash and nausea. Make sure your current attack of gout is completely resolved before taking xanthine oxidase inhibitors or it could trigger another attack.
