Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive that contains the synthetic hormone progestin. According to the Mayo Clinic this highly effective birth control method prevents pregnancy for a period of three months.The hormonal effects of Depo-Provera help control a woman's ovaries in the same way the natural hormone progesterone regulates ovarian function. Depo-Provera is the only injectable form of birth control that can be obtained in the United States. There are a number of potential side effects linked to Depo-Provera.
Menstrual Irregularities
Changes in your menstrual cycle can be expected while using Depo-Provera. Your periods may become erratic or you may miss periods entirely. Most women menstruate less often and have a lighter flow. However some women will have heavier and longer periods. Many women who use Depo-Provera beyond one year will completely cease to menstruate. When you stop using Depo-Provera it may take several months before your periods normalize.
Temporary Bone Loss
Prolonged use of the birth control injection may cause a temporary thinning of bones. Bone density will return to previous levels when you stop taking Depo-Provera. Planned Parenthood suggests protecting your bones by increasing your daily calcium and vitamin D consumption as well as getting plenty of exercise.
Additional Side Effects
There are a number of other side effects possible with the use of Depo-Provera. They are breast tenderness, weight gain, headaches, backaches, nausea, bloating and leg cramps. It's also possible to experience increased hair on the body or face, changes in sexual desire and depression.
Severe Reaction
More serious adverse reactions of the birth control injection include an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, blood clots, bleeding or pus at the site of the injection, a migraine with aura (a severe headache accompanied by bright, flashing zig zags), major depression, yellowing of the skin or eyes and abnormally heavy vaginal bleeding. If you experience any of these symptoms contact your doctor right away.
Precautions
Depo-Provera may not be safe for certain women. You should not use this form of birth control if you are pregnant, have breast cancer, have a history of bone fractures or have fragile bones. Women who are taking medications for Cushing's syndrome should not use Depo-Provera.
