Also known as gum disease, gingivitis or periodontitis, periodontal disease refers to infections in the gums that can cause tooth loss. While bacterial plaque because of poor dental hygiene is the main cause of gum disease, poor nutrition can affect your dental health as well. Eating the right foods and nutrients can help you boost your overall health, reducing your risk for experiencing periodontal disease.
Expert Insight
While nutrition may not directly cause periodontal disease, it can be a contributing factor. "A diet low in important nutrients can make it harder for the body's immune system to fight off infection," said Dr. Michael P. Rethman, president of the American Academy of Periodontology, quoted on the American Academy of Periodontology's website. "Periodontitis is a bacterial infection that destroys the tissues and bone that support the teeth, consequently a well-balanced diet may benefit oral health."
Calcium
Calcium has been identified as being vital to dental health. Calcium is a mineral that builds bone and tooth density. Without enough calcium, the teeth become weaker, which affects your gum health. If you consume less than 500 mg of calcium per day, you are at increased risk for periodontal disease, according to the American Academy of Periodontology. Increase your sources by consuming more milk, yogurt and cheese. If you are lactose intolerant, blackberries, oranges, bok choy and Brussels sprouts also contain calcium.
Vitamin C
Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant linked with maintaining cell health, particularly in your connective tissue like the gums. The vitamin also is an antioxidant, meaning it fights inflammation in the body. Although you can obtain sources of vitamin C through fruits, especially citrus fruits, avoid fruit juices that have added sugars. These sugars can be detrimental to your tooth enamel and contribute to tooth decay. If you are eating sticky fruits, like raisins or blueberries, floss your teeth after eating to remove leftover seeds that can contribute to tooth decay.
Well-Balanced Diet
A diet that involves eating a variety of foods is best to maintain your overall health as well as your dental health. Choose natural foods whenever possible: fruits, vegetables and whole-grain options are rich in nutrients that boost your immunity and reduce inflammation. Protein also is important for good health, especially connective-tissue health. Choose sources like skinless chicken, salmon, turkey or soy products. Reducing high-sugar foods whenever possible also can help avoid decay, contributing to overall gum health. If you continue to have trouble consuming enough nutrients in your diet, consider taking a multivitamin.
References
- American Dental Hygienists' Association: Nutrition and Periodontal Disease
- American Academy of Periodontology: Good Nutrition Provides Oral Health Benefits
- "Journal of the American Dietetic Association"; Oral Health and Nutrition; Dr. Riva Touger Decker, et al; August 2007
- American Academy of Periodontology: Causes of Gum Disease
- American Academy of Periodontology: Nourish Your Smile with a Well-Balanced Diet
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