Cross-country ski equipment has come a long way since its humble beginnings over 4,000 years ago, when it was the sole form of transportation for prehistoric people in what is now Scandinavia. These days, synthetic materials like fiberglass, graphite and carbon-fiber have replaced the wood skis and bamboo poles of yore. Whether you choose traditional Nordic, backcountry, telemarking or alpine touring, there is cross-country equipment designed especially for your preference.
Cross-country Skiing
Cross-country skiing, often referred to as XC or Nordic touring, is the traditional free-heel, kick-and-glide method of skiing most often associated with the sport. Cross-country skiing is usually done on prepared trails or groomed tracks in easy to moderate terrain. Equipment is designed for either the kick-and-glide technique or skating style using "herringbone" pushes comparable to in-line skating. Nordic skis are narrow, stiff and light. They usually have waxable bases and are longer than other skis for a faster and more efficient glide.
Backcountry Touring
Backcountry skis are designed for getting off the beaten path. They are wider and heavier than Nordic skis and are meant for off-trail skiing in deep snow. Metal edges allow them to "bite" into hard snow for easier turning and maneuverability. They are usually too wide for machine-set tracks. and you'll sacrifice kick-and-glide performance due to their width, but if you prefer to break your own trails, these are the skis for you.
Telemarking
Telemark skis are for backcountry skiers who like to go downhill. They are usually heavier than their backcountry counterparts and rely on a "drop-knee" turning technique. Since the heels on Telemark skis cannot be locked down, they can also double as Nordic touring skis.
Alpine Touring
Alpine Touring (AT) skis are lighter than backcountry skis but heavier than Telemark skis. Many people use modified alpine, or downhill, skis as the two sports share techniques. The heel on AT skis can be locked when skiing downhill and unlocked for kick-and-glide touring. Alpine Touring skis are designed for ungroomed snow and extreme downhills. Attach a pair of climbing skins and you'll avoid the resort crowds and lift lines.
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