Stretching is good for your muscles and is even used to help rehabilitate injured muscles. Pain while stretching can be confusing. Cramps could be by your stretching technique itself or, if they occur during a post-workout stretch, from your training technique. Ironically, one of the best prevention techniques is stretching.
Muscle Spasms
A muscle spasm that occurs in the leg often is called a "charley horse." If your calf cramps are occurring during a post-workout stretching session, it could be the workout that's causing the cramp. Working out too hard for your fitness level or working out too much can trigger calf cramps, as can failing to warm up. Challenge is the key to progression in any exercise, but your progress should be gradual. Resist the urge to make tremendous leaps in performance or your muscles will pay the price.
Overstretching
If the cramps occur during your pre-workout stretch or during stand-alone stretching sessions, you may be overstretching. When you stretch, you should feel a slight tension. Pain is a sign that damage is occurring and you should back off. Stretching too far can tear muscle or connective tissue. Always stay within your limits. If you feel sore the day after you stretch, you're pushing too hard.
When It Happens
When you feel a cramp coming on, stop what you are doing and gently stretch and massage the area. The key word is gently -- release the stretch if you feel pain. Stand a couple of feet away from a wall and lean forward, keeping your heels on the ground. This stretch may help you avoid the cramp. If the cramp happens anyway, apply a heating pad for a few minutes until it loosens. If the pain is very severe, consult your doctor.
Prevention
Dial down your training routine to see if you cramp less, and stretch thoroughly, but only within your own limits. Stay hydrated before, during and after your workouts, and get plenty of potassium. Bananas and orange juice are potent sources and may reduce the possibility of electrolyte deficiencies that can trigger muscle cramps.
