Body numbness in the back can stem from several causes, including a herniated disk, a nerve injury or remaining seated in the same position for a long time. When that numbness lingers or is accompanied by pain or symptoms such as frequent urination, dizziness or a lack of muscular control in the arms, legs or bowels, seek medical attention promptly, MedlinePlus says.
Sciatica
When a disk in your spinal column presses against the sciatic nerve, you may experience numbness or a tingling sensation in your back that may radiate down one or both legs, says the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Sciatica can also present pain in your back and leg, as well as numbness. In most cases, sciatica can heal without surgery, though sometimes the condition is treated with a cortisone shot in the lower back. If surgery is needed, the portion of the disk that was pressing on the nerve is removed.
Herniated Disk
A herniated disk is a common source of body numbness or back pain. According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic surgeons, the condition develops when the nucleus of a disk ruptures and pushes back on the nerves in the spinal column. The disks in your back have a thick outer ring and a gel-like nucleus inside. The wear and tear on your back can add pressure to certain disks, eventually forcing one or more to rupture. Rest, ice and over-the-counter pain relievers can relieve symptoms in most cases, though cortisone injections and surgery may be needed in more serious cases. The numbness or pain of a herniated disk may also be accompanied by weakness in one or both legs.
Back Injury
A back injury from a car accident or other mishap can damage nerves other than the sciatic nerve and leave your back and legs feeling numb. The numbness results from nerve impulses from the back not reaching the brain. If you feel body numbness elsewhere, particularly in the legs and feet, you could have peripheral nerve damage, which is damage to the nerves found in the the extremities. Have it evaluated by your doctor.
What Doctor Should You See?
If you experience minor back numbness or pain, first try rest before seeking medical attention. However, if numbness extends down the leg or you have trouble urinating, it could be a sign of a more serious spinal injury. Your first doctor visit should be to your primary physician, or if you don't have a primary care doctor, seek an orthopedist. If the problem is a serious nerve injury or condition, you may be referred to a neurologist who specializes in back injuries and peripheral nerve conditions.
