Fennel, which is both an herb and a spice, is a common after-meal snack and digestive aid in countries such as India and Pakistan. Fennel has traditionally been used to help prevent intestinal gas and relieve upset stomach. There are many other possible uses of this flavorful herb. For the most detailed information about fennel and its potential health effects, consult an herbalist, a naturopath or another qualified health specialist.
Plant Info
Fennel is a plant that originated in Europe. It still grows in Europe, although it is now grown in many countries throughout North America, Asia and elsewhere for use in herbal medicines and cooking. The fennel plant has yellow flowers and leaves that feel feathery. The plants' seeds are the most commonly used part, although the roots, leaves and stems of the fennel plant are also used. Fennel, an extremely flavorful herb, prefers growing conditions that are close to water.
Fennel's Actions
In his book "Therapeutic Herb Manual," herb expert Ed Smith reports that fennel performs many important actions within the body. According to Smith, fennel is both a stomachic and a carminative, or an herb that promotes the healthy action of the stomach and is used to help expel mucus that is trapped in respiratory tract structures. Fennel helps gently stimulate the production of bile, regulates production of breast milk and suppresses appetite.
Fennel's Uses
Fennel is used to help treat abdominal pain, nausea, stomach upset, colon-related problems and feelings of fullness following meals. Fennel is also used to help treat poor memory, coughs, colds and infant colic. Fennel is often prescribed after chemotherapy and radiation treatments for cancer and has been used in liver, gallbladder and digestive formulas. Women experiencing suppressed or insufficient lactation may benefit from fennel. Fennel is used as a flavoring for medicinal syrups as well.
Fennel and Cooking
As a spice used in cooking, fennel contains a significant amount of carotenes. According to nutrition researcher Sally Fallon, author of "Nourishing Traditions," this member of the anise family is a popular inclusion in Mediterranean dishes. The stalks of the fennel plant share many of the same nutritional properties as celery. Fennel can substitute for celery in many recipes. The consumption of fennel, notes Fallon, is believed to help in weight reduction.
Side Effects
If you consume too much of fennel's essential oil, you may experience negative health side effects, including nausea, vomiting, seizures and pulmonary edema -- a condition in which fluid accumulates in the air sacs of the lungs. Pregnant women should be extra cautious about using fennel medicinally, as this herb has been known to encourage menstruation. Before using fennel medicinally, speak with a qualified physician.
References
- University of Michigan: Fennel
- "Therapeutic Herb Manual"; Ed Smith; 2007
- "Nourishing Traditions"; Sally Fallon; 2001
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