Taking place in some of the harshest conditions on Earth, high-altitude climbing -- commonly referred to as mountaineering -- is typically defined as a sport combining hiking, skiing and climbing at an elevation of 8,000 feet or more above sea level. While high-altitude climbing is a recreational activity for climbing mountains and summits, it is an extremely dangerous activity that can potentially kill you. As a result, quality gear and equipment must be used for high-altitude climbing to battle the elements while keeping you safe.
Features
High-altitude climbing gear can meet minimum quality guidelines with a few features and designs. For example, clothing and boots must feature high-quality insulation with a high warmth-to-weight ratio for battling the extreme temperatures while Gore-Tex or another waterproof material adds a lightweight, breathable barrier against moisture and snow. Camp gear such as cooking equipment must be made from lightweight, durable materials such as titanium. Other gear such as electronics or windproof lighters must be able to handle the extreme altitude.
Essentials
Every high-altitude climbing adventure starts with a list of essential clothing gear. The starting point for quality clothing gear starts with quality base layers or long underwear made from synthetic materials that manage moisture and provide a first layer of insulation. Outerwear includes a pair of bib-style pants with suspenders to keep the pants up while hiking with the pack and a waterproof shell jacket or down jacket. Boots and gaiters are the final component for high-altitude climbing clothing. Quality trekking boots must include a waterproof Gore-Tex upper with heavy insulation.
Camp Gear
Performing a high-altitude climbing expedition requires multiple pieces of camping gear for a safe and successful trip. Sleeping bags must have a temperature rating of at least -40 degrees to -20 degrees C with a good warmth-to-weight ratio. Sleeping pads are used to provide padding and insulation from the ground while sleeping with the closed-cell foam materials. Tents are made from 2,000 to 3,000 mm ripstop nylon materials to block moisture and wind while lightweight aluminum poles provide structure and durability in extreme winds.
Equipment
The climbing and mountaineering gear also requires certain features for durability. Crampons must be a 12-point crampon with sharp points and a perfect fit for traction on icy slopes. Short ice axes allow a lightweight tool for high-altitude climbing while trying to reach a summit. Safety equipment includes a climbing harness with buckles, adjustable leg loops and gear loops along with a properly fitted helmet. A technical climbing backpack with a 60-liter capacity with attachment points can carry extra gear.
First Aid
First aid gear for high-altitude climbing is essential to prevent possible death. Every first aid kit should include a personal locator device in the event of an avalanche, GPS unit or compass for navigation and communication equipment such as two-way radio or satellite phones. Additional emergency kit items include medicines for high altitude ailments such as diarrhea, dry cough or heartburn.
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