What Else Works Besides Psyllium As A Bulk-forming Laxative?

According to "American Family Physician," constipation is a symptom, rather than a disease. Bowel regularity varies a great deal from one individual to the next, with some people normally having three bowel movements daily and others having only two or three weekly. Thus, constipation is characterized by a change in your personal regularity, rather than an arbitrary definition of "normal" bowel frequency. However, when you do develop constipation, one of the first remedies you might consider is a laxative.

Constipation Occurs at All Ages

Although constipation is more common in elderly individuals, it occurs at all ages. It is not unusual for infants to exhibit straining, irritability and sleeplessness as a result of difficulties with their bowel movements. A 1999 survey involving over 10,000 people suggested that constipation affects about 15 percent of adults in the United States, and approximately 2 percent use a laxative at least every other day.

Laxatives Have Side Effects

Laxatives work through different mechanisms and have different side effects. Saline laxatives, such as magnesium citrate, can cause abdominal cramping, dehydration and magnesium toxicity. Stimulants, such as bisacodyl, can cause electrolyte abnormalities, cramping and injury to the nerves that control bowel motility. Osmotic laxatives, such as sorbitol, lactulose or polyethylene glycol, can cause cramping, incontinence and dehydration. Emollients, including mineral oil, docusate and glycerin, can lead to malabsorption and dehydration. Bulk-forming laxatives, or fibers, such as bran, psyllium, methylcellulose or polycarbophil, can cause bloating, flatulence and malabsorption of iron, calcium or medications.

Bulk Formers Best for Long-Term Use

According to the "Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy," bulking agents are the only laxatives that are acceptable for long-term use. In fact, many physicians recommend daily use of methylcellulose, psyllium or polycarbophil for patients who have diverticulosis or other disorders that benefit from bulkier, softer stools. Bran is also frequently recommended, but this bulk-former may cause more bloating and flatulence than others. Among the bulk-forming laxatives, methylcellulose, or Citrucel, is reputed to cause the least bloating.

Precautions

Constipation is often associated with certain medical conditions, such as irritable bowel syndrome or diabetes. It is not unusual for medications, such as painkillers, to cause a slowing of bowel activity. Even in healthy people, constipation is relatively common, but it is usually temporary. Persistent constipation can signal a serious underlying condition such as hypothyroidism or an obstructive bowel mass. If increasing your fluid intake, fiber consumption and activity level do not lead to a resolution of your symptoms, consider talking with your physician before you resort to a laxative.