A diagnosis of breast cancer can be scary, and navigating the new challenges of cancer and health can be overwhelming. It is important to do things that support your health during and after cancer treatment, and your health care team can provide you with personalized information about staying healthy. Before taking any supplements or starting a new exercise regimen, consult with your physician to see if it is safe for you to do so.
Nutrition
During and after treatment, it is important to have good nutrition. Dr. Julie Gralow, from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, says that treatment may alter digestion or the way things taste, so it is important to eat foods that you can tolerate that also help you get adequate nutrients. Instead of eating three large meals, you may consider eating small meals throughout the day as smaller meals may be tolerated more easily. A varied and healthy diet can help you maintain your weight and strength during treatment, promote recovery and help you fight infection, says the National Cancer Institute.
Avoiding Infections
Individuals undergoing certain cancer treatments like chemotherapy may be at higher risk for infections because of a weakened immune system. When the immune system is weakened, everyday bacteria that would normally not make you sick can cause illness. Avoiding large crowds of people, washing your hands often with soap and warm water, avoiding swimming in lakes or ponds, wearing shoes and staying away from people who may be sick with a cold or illness are all ways you can minimize infection, according to the American Cancer Society. Talk to your doctor about whether it is safe for you to get certain vaccines during your treatment and about other ways you can avoid infection.
Reduce Lymphedema Risk
Sometimes breast cancer treatment can cause lymphedema, which is swelling of the arm, hand or chest wall, says the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. It is caused by a buildup of lymph fluid. To reduce your risk of developing lymphedema, breastcancer.org recommends keeping your skin clean and intact, since infection can increase your risk of lymphedema; rest your arm in an elevated position to encourage lymph flow; wear rubber gloves when you wash dishes or hand-wash clothes; take rest breaks when doing physical activity; and use an electric razor to minimize cuts when you shave. If you notice any signs of infection or swelling, consult your doctor immediately.
Bone Health
According to breastcancer.org, some breast cancer treatments can cause bone loss, including chemotherapy and some types of hormone therapy. If your diet has been affected and you are not getting enough calcium, this can contribute to weakened bones as well. There are prescription medications used to treat osteoporosis, but there are also lifestyle changes you can make to increase bone health, like ensuring you get 1,200 mg of calcium daily; participating in weight-bearing exercise, like walking or stair-climbing; minimizing alcohol consumption and quitting smoking; and getting vitamin D through sunlight, a supplement or through vitamin D-fortified foods.
References
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center: 10 tips for breast cancer patients during treatment
- National Cancer Institute: Nutrition in cancer care
- American Cancer Society: Infections in people with cancer
- Breastcancer.org: How to avoid lymphedema
- Breastcancer.org: Breast cancer treatment and bone loss
- Breastcancer.org: Ways to keep your bones strong
