Attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder is characterized by impaired concentration and focus as well as inappropriate activity that is uncontrolled . Studies have found that children characterized with ADHD have lower levels of certain omega-3 fatty acids in their blood stream. Results have been mixed as to whether supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids will improve symptoms of ADHD or other behavioral disorders.
ADHD
ADHD is not diagnosed using a single test. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, children diagnosed with ADHD shown signs of inattention and inappropriate outbursts of behavior that are both disruptive and consistent beginning before seven years of age. ADHD may predominantly favor inattention or hyperactivity or display both behaviors. Treatment usually consists of a stimulant medication and behavioral therapy.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fatty acids that the body cannot produce and must be consumed in food. These fatty acids are used a raw materials for producing anti-inflammatory signals and may be a key component in cellular membranes, especially in the nervous system. Although there is no recommended dose, the modern diet is very low in omega-3 fatty acids.
ADHD and Omega-3's
Children who have been diagnosed with ADHD have been shown in several studies to have a lower amount of omega-3 fatty acids circulating in the blood. Supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids has not consistently alleviated symptoms in ADHD, however. A recent study by Huss et al demonstrated reduction of inattention, hyperactivity and sleep disorders in children diagnosed with ADHD when supplementing with omega-3, omega-6, magnesium and zinc.
Adding Omega-3's to Your Diet
Omega-3 fatty acids can be taken as a dietary supplement via a gel capsule of fish oil or flax oil. It is not recommended to exceed 3g of omega-3 fatty acids via capsules per day. Increase consumption of omega-3 rich foods such as walnuts, cold-water fish such as salmon, flax seeds and oil, chia seeds and olive oil.
References
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Medical Reference: Complementary Medicine: Omega-3 Fatty Acids
- CDC: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- PubMed.gov; Involvement of omega-3 fatty acids in emotional responses and hyperactive symptoms; Lavialle et al; 2010
- PubMed.gov; Supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, magnesium and zinc in children seeking medical advice for attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems - an observational cohort study; Huss et al; 2010
- NIMH: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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