Bromelain consists of a mixture of digestive enzymes derived from the pineapple. The use of pineapple to treat indigestion and relieve inflammation has a long history of use in Central and South America. It has also been touted for several other uses; scientific evidence looking at the effects of bromelain suggest it might work for a number of conditions but not enough evidence exists in many cases to draw any definitive conclusions. Bromelain is generally safe to take but you should always talk to your doctor before using natural supplements, particularly if you have any pre-existing health conditions or take medications.
Swelling and Inflammation
Bromelain is probably best known for its ability to reduce swelling and inflammation. The German Commission E, a regulatory agency that has compiled information on herbal treatments, lists bromelain as an effective treatment for post-surgery swelling -- it appears to work particularly well in the sinus area. Topical applications might help reduce swelling from insect bites and stings. Its ability to reduce inflammation has made it a popular treatment for conditions like arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, sinusitis and hay fever.
A particular product that contains bromelain along with rutin and trypsin appears to work just as well as painkillers for relieving pain associated with osteoarthritis explains Medline Plus.
Digestive Aid
Bromelain also has a long history of use as a digestive aid and it is a commonly recommended supplement to prevent traveler's diarrhea. The University of Maryland Medical Center says animal research has shown it was effective against diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease.
Other Uses
Other potential uses for bromelain include debriding dead skin from burns, treating infections, preventing blood clots, improving absorption of antibiotics and slowing tumor growth. It has also been touted to treat muscle soreness resulting from intense exercise but Medline Plus says research looking at this possible benefit did not find any.
Recommended Dosage
The recommended amount will depend on your reason for using bromelain. The University of Maryland Medical Center offers some guidelines for its most popular uses. For arthritis, take 500 to 2,000 mg in two doses. As a digestive aid, 500 mg daily in divided doses. To reduce swelling and inflammation after a surgery or injury, take 500 mg twice a day.
Side Effects
Common side effects include digestive disturbances. Bromelain could trigger an allergic reaction and you should avoid this supplement if you have an allergy to pineapple, wheat, celery, carrots, fennel or any type of pollen. Its effects on blood clotting could invoke heavier menstrual periods.
Considerations for Use
Do not use bromelain if you take medications or other supplements to thin your blood as it could cause a compound effect that increases your risk of bleeding. Do not use if you are pregnant, breastfeeding or have liver or kidney disorders. Bromelain could increase the effectiveness of sedative drugs or natural supplements with sedative effects. Taking bromelain with antibiotics could cause your body to absorb too much of the drug, leading to an increase in side effects. Substances found in potatoes and soybeans could interfere with the actions of bromelain in the body, making it less effective. Discontinue use at least two weeks before a planned surgery.
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