Synchronizing Menstrual Cycles
When donating eggs for the process of in vitro fertilization (in which the recipient will have the donated fertilized eggs implanted into her uterus) it is important that the donor and recipient have synchronized their menstrual cycles. The first step of egg donation, according to the Infertility Center of St. Louis, is for both donor and recipient to begin a regimen of estrogen and progesterone. This will continue until both cycles are completely in synch, so that retrieval and implantation can take place at the appropriate times.
Ovulation Induction
Once the two cycles are in synch, the process of egg stimulation will begin for the donor. The egg donor will be placed on a regimen of fertility-boosting drugs, much like those a woman who is undergoing fertility treatments might receive. This prepares as many follicles (which release mature eggs) as possible for the collection process. According to the National Institutes of Health, this step is sometimes called "super ovulation." During this time, the donating woman will undergo multiple ultrasounds in order to determine how many follicles are forming and when they will be ready for retrieval. The American Pregnancy Association reports that blood and urine tests may be performed as well to monitor hormone levels.
Egg Colllection
Once the follicles are ready and the eggs are mature the egg donor will undergo the process of egg retrieval. This is a minor surgical procedure that is performed on an outpatient basis. During egg retrieval the donor is sedated with a local or general anesthesia. Using ultrasound as a guide the eggs are removed from the follicles in the ovaries. According to the National Institutes of Health, this procedure is performed by inserting a long, hollow needle through the vagina and into the ovaries. The needle uses suction to remove the eggs and fluid from the follicles one at a time, from one ovary at a time. If the eggs are unable to be retrieved using this method, a laparoscopy may be performed. However, the National Institutes of Health reports that this is rare.
Recovery
After the egg collection procedure, the donor may experience some abdominal cramping. According to the American Pregnancy Association, she may also have a feeling of pressure for several weeks following the surgery. This is usually temporary and should disappear after a few weeks. Once the eggs are donated they are fertilized and implanted into the recipient's uterus through the process of in vitro fertilization.
